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Itching and irritated scalps are frequently caused by a yeast fungus (pityrosporus ovale), which settles on healthy scalps and feeds on excretions from the sebaceous glands.
Substances produced during the digestion of these fats induce the itchiness. The scalp is subsequently lacerated during the intensive scratching which follows, making it susceptible to infections and inflammations. Dandruff is often produced as a result of this.